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| DATE | 2024-08-10 |
| FROM | Ruben Safir
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| SUBJECT | Subject: [Hangout - NYLXS] Ancient Calender
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Ancient Calendar, Recently Discovered, May Document a Long-Ago Disaster
The markings on a pillar in southern Turkey are more than decorations on
the stone, a researcher at the University of Edinburgh says. They may
memorialize a time when comet fragments struck Earth.
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Listen to this article · 3:57 min Learn more
A stone pillar with markings at an archaeological site.
Researchers may have discovered what they say is the world’s oldest
calendar tracking the movements of the moon and the sun in today’s
Turkey.Credit...Alistair Coombs
Claire Moses
By Claire Moses
Aug. 10, 2024, 11:17 a.m. ET
A researcher at the University of Edinburgh has discovered what he
believes is the earliest calendar of its kind at Gobekli Tepe, an
archaeological excavation site in what is now southern Turkey that used
to be an ancient complex of temple-like enclosures.
The researcher, Martin Sweatman, a scientist at the University of
Edinburgh, said in research published last month that V-shaped markings
on the lunisolar calendar, which combines the movements of the moon and
sun, recorded a major astronomical event that had a huge impact on Earth
— making the ancient pillar part of an ancient version of a memorial.
Dr. Sweatman said that the intricate carvings at Gobekli Tepe tell the
story and document the date when fragments of a comet — which came from
a meteor stream — hit Earth roughly 13,000 years ago. The comet strike,
which the latest research has placed in the year 10,850 B.C., has long
been a source of disagreement among academics and researchers.
This is not the first time that Dr. Sweatman has been able to connect
the impact of the comet to the site in Turkey, he said. In 2017, he
linked the two in an academic paper in which he contended that the
carvings at Gobekli Tepe were memorialized in the pillars, and that the
site was used as a place to observe space.
At the time, a group of excavators at Gobekli Tepe challenged those
findings. Jens Notroff, an archaeologist who wrote the post on the
excavators’ website, was not immediately convinced about the new
findings and questioned whether the markings had a deeper meaning. He
said on the social media platform X that there was an “an obsession with
the idea that there *must* be a secret, a hidden code which needs to and
can be decoded — while it’s really just about past humans living their
lives.”
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Dr. Sweatman said the recent discovery that one of the pillars also
depicts a lunisolar calendar — and thus marks the day of the impact —
lined up with his prior research. “We can be very confident indeed that
it’s a date,” he said.
The comet strike ushered in a 1,200-year ice age and led to the
extinction of many large animals, Dr. Sweatman said. For humans, the
comet probably also led to differences in lifestyle and agriculture that
helped usher in the rise of civilization as we know it.
Although Dr. Sweatman has long researched the symbols at the ancient
site in Turkey, this recent breakthrough came in the form of a tip when
someone emailed him that the V-shaped symbols on the pillar could be
interpreted as markings of the lunar cycle.
“I had not spotted that myself before,” he said. “I had always wondered
what these box- and V-symbols might mean.”
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Each V-shaped symbol could represent a single day, according to Dr.
Sweatman’s research. “This interpretation allowed researchers to count a
solar calendar of 365 days on one of the pillars, consisting of 12 lunar
months plus 11 extra days,” the research states.
The final V on the pillar is “represented by a V worn around the neck of
a birdlike beast thought to represent the summer solstice constellation
at the time,” the research concluded. Other statues nearby, possibly
representing deities, have been found with similar markings.
After interpreting the V-shaped symbols as such, everything fell into
place, Dr. Sweatman said. The carvings suggest that “ancient people were
able to record their observations of the sun, moon and constellations in
the form of a solar calendar, created to keep track of time and mark the
change of seasons,” he said.
Imagining what it was like when ancient humans carved these markings
into the pillars will probably always be impossible for us 21st century
beings, but it could tell us something about these ancient people.
“What it suggests,” Dr. Sweatman said, “is that this event was important
to them.”
--
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