MESSAGE
| DATE | 2019-01-15 |
| FROM | Ruben Safir
|
| SUBJECT | Subject: [Hangout - NYLXS] 3d imagine for Paleontological specimens
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https://www.museumfuernaturkunde.berlin/en/press/press-releases/3d-model-tristan-otto-skull-created-museum-fur-naturkunde-berlin
Scientists of the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin and physicians are facing
new challenges and tested the workflow and image quality of clinical
computed tomography in a study compared to photogrammetry on the skull
of the Tyrannosaurus rex Tristan Otto. The imaging methods are suitable
for pathological studies and for better recognition of clinical
diagnoses. Tristan Otto will be on display at least until 28 February
2019, before the skeleton embarks on his journey to Copenhagen's Natural
History Museum in spring. A precise departure date has not yet been set.
Imaging is crucial to gather scientific data in palaeontology.
Photogrammetry is currently a frequently used technique for surface
imaging, producing high-quality 3D surface data. Clinical computed
tomography (CT) scanners are interesting for palaeontological research
because of their high availability and the potential to image internal
structures in addition to the surface.
This study with the participation of palaeontologists Daniela Schwarz
and Oliver Hampe from the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin examines the
technical effort, workflow and image quality of clinical computed
tomography compared to photogrammetry. As an excellent example the skull
of Tristan Otto, the Tyrannosaurus rex from the Upper Cretaceous of
Montana/USA, of which 47 bone elements have been preserved, was used.
The study could be facilitated because of the good preservation of the
individual skull bones. In contrast to many other Tyrannosaurus skulls,
the skull bones of Tristan Otto were found isolated and later assembled
into a skull. Thus all bones could be examined individually with both
techniques – an examination of the completely assembled skull would not
have been feasible because of size and weight. In the following, 3D
models were created from both CT and photogrammetry data. Scanning
times, data volumes, the overall radiation exposure, and the costs for
the different procedures were compared. This study shows that a clinical
CT scanner can be used for imaging even large palaeontological objects
with high density. In comparison to CT scanning, the data-capture effort
of photogrammetry is directly linked to the size and color of the
specimen and to the complexity of its shape. While those factors
influence the photogrammetry-based 3D model and the quality of its
details, the CT scan is mostly free of these variables. Unlike the
acquisition and calculation time in photogrammetry the CT scanning time
for large and small objects measures roughly the same, as this method is
independent of the specimen’s shape and complexity.
Since the spatial resolution in computed tomography is considerably
lower than in photogrammetry, while the latter lacks the ability to
reveal internal structures, neither technique can replace the other. On
the contrary, CT scanning and photogrammetry complement each other and
can be used not only in palaeontological research but also for
comprehensive clinical imaging such as 3D simulation in reconstructive
plastic surgery.
Contact
Dr. Gesine Steiner
Press Officer
E-Mail: gesine.steiner-at-mfn.berlin
Tel: +49 30 889140 - 8917
Fax: +49 30 889140 - 8561
Museum für Naturkunde
Leibniz Institute for Evolution
and Biodiversity Science
Invalidenstraße 43
10115 Berlin
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