MESSAGE
| DATE | 2016-05-13 |
| FROM | Paul Robert Marino
|
| SUBJECT | Re: [Hangout-NYLXS] linux capat laptop cheap | | | Linux laptop ?
|
32bit Microsoft Windows can only map the first 3GB of ram!
It can see all 4 but can only practically use the first 3.
This is due to a limitation in 32bit NT kernels internal memory address mapping.
Intel developed a feature where they use the end available ram for the
PCI express bus (yes PCI express uses ram for cache and storing
address lookup tables among other things, typically its the first
512Mb at the begging of the memory address space) instead of the
beginning just mitigate the issue in Microsoft Windows.
Since 32bit binaries use less ram than 64bit binaries its common
practice to install 32bit Microsoft Windows on machines with 4GB or
less ram.
By the way the memory space 64bit is way higher than you think (18.1
extabytes ) but most 64Bit chips including AMD and Intel versions only
implement a 48Bit memory address map to reduce overhead. this means
about 4 pedabytes is the limit but I don't think we will have to
worry about that number for at least 40 years, considering the growth
rate of ram over the past 40 years, but you never know programers are
getting lazier every day :)
For more information look here
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/64-bit_computing#Limitations_of_practical_processors
On Fri, May 13, 2016 at 12:19 AM, Ruben Safir wrote:
> On 05/12/2016 07:07 PM, prmarino1-at-gmail.com wrote:
>> All Thinkpad T series laptops are linux compatible.
>> That's something you never have to question.
>> Also it probably ships with windows 7 32bit because under windows on an Intel chip it will use the ram far more efficiently if you have 4 or less GB of ram because Intel chips can allocate the extra 1 GB of ram windows can't address to the PCI bus. Note this is not the case for AMD chips.
>> That said all Intel-i series chips and the 75% of Pentium 4 chips are 64 bit. So yes this is a 64 bit laptop.
>
> Why would that be the case for 32 bit windows? The the use of only 32
> bit word mappings of internal ran (and file system) then it should be
> able to access half the memory space of a 64 bit scheme. That should be
> pour math, regardless of the OS. If the PCI bus has physical address
> space, it's PCI address space should presumably also be 64 bit and
> easier to map in a 64 bit scheme as well.
>
> the whole thing has to be mapped in ram, cpu accessed memory, bus
> addressed and file system (extended through DMA).
>
> Reuvain
> --
> So many immigrant groups have swept through our town
> that Brooklyn, like Atlantis, reaches mythological
> proportions in the mind of the world - RI Safir 1998
> http://www.mrbrklyn.com
>
> DRM is THEFT - We are the STAKEHOLDERS - RI Safir 2002
> http://www.nylxs.com - Leadership Development in Free Software
> http://www2.mrbrklyn.com/resources - Unpublished Archive
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>
> Being so tracked is for FARM ANIMALS and and extermination camps,
> but incompatible with living as a free human being. -RI Safir 2013
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