MESSAGE
| DATE | 2009-10-12 |
| FROM | Ruben Safir
|
| SUBJECT | Re: [NYLXS - HANGOUT] FSCK died with exit status 4
|
On Mon, Oct 05, 2009 at 01:05:35AM -0400, Kevin Mark wrote:
> On Sun, Oct 04, 2009 at 02:23:50AM +0000, tameek-at-gmail.com wrote:
> > Hey,
> >
> > May I please have some assistance? I rebooted my Buntu system and shortly after a file system check I was greeted with a lovely black screen and the aforementioned error.
> >
> > Thanks in advance.
> have you done a manual 'fsck -y'? hopefully you have your data/home backed-up.
> --
> | .''`. == Debian GNU/Linux == | http://kevix.myopenid.com |
> | : :' : The Universal OS | mysite.verizon.net/kevin.mark/ |
> | `. `' http://www.debian.org/ | http://counter.li.org [#238656]|
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>
I don't know how you did it but you killed your file system on the boot
device and you need to do a low level check on the system and just tell
fsck to ignor errors is can't fix and hope that works.
NAME
fsck - check and repair a Linux file system
SYNOPSIS
fsck [ -sACVRTNP ] [ -t fstype ] [filesys ... ] [--] [
fs-specific-
options ]
CRIPTION
fsck is used to check and optionally repair one or more Linux
file sysâ€
tems. filesys can be a device name (e.g. /dev/hdc1,
/dev/sdb2), a
mount point (e.g. /, /usr, /home), or an ext2 label or UUID
specifier
(e.g. UUID=8868abf6-88c5-4a83-98b8-bfc24057f7bd or LABEL=root).
Norâ€
mally, the fsck program will try to run filesystems on different
physiâ€
cal disk drives in parallel to reduce total amount time to check
all of
the filesystems.
If no filesystems are specified on the command line, and the -A
option
is not specified, fsck will default to checking
filesystems in
/etc/fstab serial. This is equivalent to the -As options.
The exit code returned by fsck is the sum of the following
conditions:
0 - No errors
1 - File system errors corrected
2 - System should be rebooted
4 - File system errors left uncorrected
8 - Operational error
16 - Usage or syntax error
32 - Fsck canceled by user request
128 - Shared library error
The exit code returned when multiple file systems are checked
is the
bit-wise OR of the exit codes for each file system that is
checked.
In actuality, fsck is simply a front-end for the various file
system
checkers (fsck.fstype) available under Linux. The file
system-specific
checker is searched for in /sbin first, then in /etc/fs and
/etc, and
finally in the directories listed in the PATH environment
variable.
Please see the file system-specific checker manual pages for
further
details.
OPTIONS
-s Serialize fsck operations. This is a good idea if
you are
checking multiple filesystems and the checkers are in an
interâ€
active mode. (Note: e2fsck(8) runs in an interactive
mode by
default. To make e2fsck(8) run in a non-interactive
mode, you
must either specify the -p or -a option, if you wish for
errors
to be corrected automatically, or the -n option if you do
not.)
-t fslist
Specifies the type(s) of file system to be checked. When
the -A
flag is specified, only filesystems that match
fslist are
checked. The fslist parameter is a comma-separated
list of
filesystems and options specifiers. All of the
filesystems in
this comma-separated list may be prefixed by a negation
operator
'no' or '!', which requests that only those
filesystems not
listed in fslist will be checked. If all of the
filesystems in
fslist are not prefixed by a negation operator, then only
those
filesystems listed in fslist will be checked.
Options specifiers may be included in the comma
separated
fslist. They must have the format opts=fs-option.
If an
options specifier is present, then only filesystems which
conâ€
tain fs-option in their mount options field of
/etc/fstab will
be checked. If the options specifier is prefixed by a
negation
operator, then only those filesystems that do not have
fs-option
in their mount options field of /etc/fstab will be
checked.
For example, if opts=ro appears in fslist, then only
filesystems
listed in /etc/fstab with the ro option will be checked.
For compatibility with Mandrake distributions whose boot
scripts
depend upon an unauthorized UI change to the fsck program,
if a
filesystem type of loop is found in fslist, it is treated
as if
opts=loop were specified as an argument to the -t option.
Normally, the filesystem type is deduced by
searching for
filesys in the /etc/fstab file and using the
corresponding
entry. If the type can not be deduced, and there is only
a sinâ€
gle filesystem given as an argument to the -t option,
fsck will
use the specified filesystem type. If this type is not
availâ€
able, then the default file system type (currently
ext2) is
used.
-A Walk through the /etc/fstab file and try to check all file
sysâ€
tems in one run. This option is typically used from the
/etc/rc
system initalization file, instead of multiple
commands for
checking a single file system.
The root filesystem will be checked first unless the -P
option
is specified (see below). After that, filesystems
will be
checked in the order specified by the fs_passno (the
sixth)
field in the /etc/fstab file. Filesystems with a
fs_passno
value of 0 are skipped and are not checked at all.
Filesystems
with a fs_passno value of greater than zero will be
checked in
order, with filesystems with the lowest fs_passno number
being
checked first. If there are multiple filesystems with the
same
pass number, fsck will attempt to check them in
parallel,
although it will avoid running multiple filesystem checks
on the
same physical disk.
Hence, a very common configuration in /etc/fstab files is
to set
the root filesystem to have a fs_passno value of 1 and
to set
all filesystems to have a fs_passno value of 2. This will
allow
fsck to automatically run filesystem checkers in parallel
if it
is advantageous to do so. System administrators might
choose
not to use this configuration if they need to avoid
multiple
filesystem checks running in parallel for some reason
--- for
example, if the machine in question is short on memory so
that
excessive paging is a concern.
-C Display completion/progress bars for those filesystems
checkers
(currently only for ext2) which support them. Fsck will
manage
the filesystem checkers so that only one of them will
display a
progress bar at a time.
-N Don't execute, just show what would be done.
-P When the -A flag is set, check the root filesystem in
parallel
with the other filesystems. This is not the safest thing
in the
world to do, since if the root filesystem is in doubt
things
like the e2fsck(8) executable might be corrupted! This
option
is mainly provided for those sysadmins who don't want to
reparâ€
tition the root filesystem to be small and compact
(which is
really the right solution).
-R When checking all file systems with the -A flag, skip the
root
file system (in case it's already mounted read-write).
-T Don't show the title on startup.
-V Produce verbose output, including all file
system-specific comâ€
mands that are executed.
fs-specific-options
Options which are not understood by fsck are passed
to the
filesystem-specific checker. These arguments must
not take
arguments, as there is no way for fsck to be able to
properly
guess which arguments take options and which don't.
Options and arguments which follow the -- are treated
as file
system-specific options to be passed to the file
system-specific
checker.
Please note that fsck is not designed to pass
arbitrarily comâ€
plicated options to filesystem-specific checkers. If
you're
doing something complicated, please just execute the
filesystem-
specific checker directly. If you pass fsck some horribly
comâ€
plicated option and arguments, and it doesn't do
what you
expect, don't bother reporting it as a bug. You're almost
cerâ€
tainly doing something that you shouldn't be doing with
fsck.
Options to different filesystem-specific fsck's are not
standardized.
If in doubt, please consult the man pages of the
filesystem-specific
checker. Although not guaranteed, the following options are
supported
by most file system checkers:
-a Automatically repair the file system without any questions
(use
this option with caution). Note that e2fsck(8) supports
-a for
backwards compatibility only. This option is mapped to
e2fsck's
-p option which is safe to use, unlike the -a option
that some
file system checkers support.
-n For some filesystem-specific checkers, the -n option will
cause
the fs-specific fsck to avoid attempting to repair any
problems,
but simply report such problems to stdout. This is
however not
true for all filesystem-specific checkers. In
particular,
fsck.reiserfs(8) will not report any corruption if given
this
option. fsck.minix(8) does not support the -n option at
all.
-r Interactively repair the filesystem (ask for
confirmations).
Note: It is generally a bad idea to use this option if
multiple
fsck's are being run in parallel. Also note that
this is
e2fsck's default behavior; it supports this option for
backwards
compatibility reasons only.
-y For some filesystem-specific checkers, the -y option will
cause
the fs-specific fsck to always attempt to fix any
detected
filesystem corruption automatically. Sometimes an expert
may be
able to do better driving the fsck manually. Note that
not all
filesystem-specific checkers implement this option. In
particuâ€
lar fsck.minix(8) and fsck.cramfs(8) does not support
the -y
option as of this writing.
AUTHOR
Theodore Ts'o (tytso-at-mit.edu)
FILES
/etc/fstab.
NVIRONMENT VARIABLES
The fsck program's behavior is affected by the following
environment
variables:
FSCK_FORCE_ALL_PARALLEL
If this environment variable is set, fsck will attempt
to run
all of the specified filesystems in parallel,
regardless of
whether the filesystems appear to be on the same device.
(This
is useful for RAID systems or high-end storage systems
such as
those sold by companies such as IBM or EMC.)
FSCK_MAX_INST
This environment variable will limit the maximum number of
file
system checkers that can be running at one time. This
allows
configurations which have a large number of disks to avoid
fsck
starting too many file system checkers at once, which
might
overload CPU and memory resources available on the
system. If
this value is zero, then an unlimited number of processes
can be
spawned. This is currently the default, but future
versions of
fsck may attempt to automatically determine how many file
system
checks can be run based on gathering accounting data
from the
operating system.
PATH The PATH environment variable is used to find file system
checkâ€
ers. A set of system directories are searched first:
/sbin,
/sbin/fs.d, /sbin/fs, /etc/fs, and /etc. Then the set of
direcâ€
tories found in the PATH environment are searched.
FSTAB_FILE
This environment variable allows the system
administrator to
override the standard location of the /etc/fstab file.
It is
also use for developers who are testing fsck.
BLKID_FILE
This environment variable allows the early boot scripts to
overâ€
ride the standard location of the /etc/blkid.tab file.
This
file contains a mapping between UUID, LABEL and TYPE
values to
device nodes. The information in the blkid.tab might be
stale
after a reboot if hardware was changed or disks were
added or
removed.
SEE ALSO
fstab(5), mkfs(8), fsck.ext2(8) or e2fsck(8),
cramfsck(8)
fsck.minix(8), fsck.jfs(8) fsck.xfs(8), fsck.xiafs(8)
reiserfsck(8).
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