MESSAGE
| DATE | 2003-10-17 |
| FROM | From: "Inker, Evan"
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| SUBJECT | Subject: [hangout] Linux Style: View from the Trenches: Alternative Package Sources
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Linux Style: View from the Trenches: Alternative Package Sources
Posted on Wednesday, October 15, 2003 by Glenn Stone
If you know where to look (or if someone tells you where), you can find all
the packages you want and need.
A couple of anonymous suggestions in response to last week's article
inspired this week's installment of View from the Trenches. I had downloaded
GAIM, the multiprotocol GTK instant messaging client and compiled it from
source. This was a rather painful process, given all the -devel packages I
had to chase down and install. One commenter suggested I try the usr local
bin site to get pre-packaged GTK goodies for SuSE. I had no idea such a site
existed, and I thought it would be a good idea to share not only this
particular site but a number of sites that are helpful for finding Linux
packages that aren't in the standard distribution.
I'll start with SuSE, as we've already touched on one site. In addition to
usr local bin, which primarily offers GNOME/GTK stuff, we have PackMan,
which has a number of packages ranging from games to MySQL drivers. Some of
these appear to be a bit out of date, but there are a lot of them. As with a
lot of SuSE stuff, some of this site is in German. You should be able to
figure out things by the package names themselves, but if you get stuck,
Babelfish can help translate. A number of multimedia-oriented packages are
hosted on bytesex.org, including bttv, krecord, video4linux patches and
documentation and linda, a client-server approach to a headless MP3 jukebox.
If you're dealing with SuSE, you're dealing with RPMs, and that brings me to
one of the bigger cross-platform RPM sites, Rpmfind.net. This Daniel
Veillard project is hosted by the World Wide Web Consortium, with several
mirror sites. Rpmfind has packages for almost everything you can think of
for distributions ranging from ASP to Yellow Dog, both official and
unofficial versions, as well as GNOME, KDE, Ximian, MySQL and blinux (Linux
for the blind; it involves a kernel module, a serial port and a speech
synthesizer, and it works quite well).
Another popular RPM site is Pbone.net, which is an indexing service as well
as a small repository. Pbone knows where a number of the more obscure sites
are, including all the different mirrors for a distribution, and thus is
more apt (no pun intended) to find what you're after if it's hard to find.
Pbone doesn't have near the bandwidth Rpmfind does, but it can be worth the
wait.
Our next site is so popular it got blown right off the Internet: the Penguin
Liberation Front. They've shut down open access, but if you Google for it
you can get the cached page and find out where the mirrors are. PLF is a
Mandrake repository of things that are not, for various reasons, included in
the standard Mandrake distribution. I rather wish they had a mirror
State-side, though; the ones they do have are European , and they seem
rather slow from the West Coast).
For the Debian folks, punch up Apt-get.org (of course) and have yourself a
blast. This is not your ordinary package search engine; search for a program
here, and it returns not links to individual packages, but the appropriate
deb lines for your sources.list file. It also serves links so you can find
what other packages are in the same repository and a rating as to the
current status of the repository. (checked, down or unverified).
Apt-get.org, much like Pbone, is a meta-site; over 100,000 packages from
over 300 different sites are in the search index. Two of my favorites are
src.braincells.com, for Pine, and people.spacelabs.nl, for Woody backports
of Mozilla and Galeon. Woody backports of any number of packages are common
things to see here.
Speaking of the old apt vs. RPM battle, you can, in fact, have your cake and
eat it too. For those who like the idea of apt on an RPM-based system, we
have APT-RPM, a port of apt to use RPM packages instead of debs, done by
Conectiva. APT-RPM for Red Hat is available on apt-rpm.tuxfamily.org;
pointers to other versions can be found on the SourceForge links page. On
the other hand, if you like RPM everywhere (including non-Linux platforms),
check out OpenPKG. OpenPKG is, except for the bootstrapping process, heavily
biased toward a source-based system in which you download the .src.rpm,
check the GPG signature and then build the package from source (customizing
along the way if need be). The resulting binary package, therefore, is
tailored to your particular system. (FreeBSD users should find this seems
familiar.) OpenPKG has over 400 packages, several mailing lists and its own
bug database.
Red Hat people in particular seem to be cranky about updating their systems,
for various reasons I won't go into here. So to wrap this up, I'll point to
a few alternatives to up2date to help smooth things along. My favorite way
of keeping a Red Hat system up to date is Ximian's Red Carpet. Ximian has
been so kind as to split out Red Carpet from its other products and allow
you to select only the OS channel, which seems to keep good pace with Red
Hat's security update notifications. Ximian also supports Mandrake and SuSE,
though I haven't run Red Carpet on either of them recently. Other updaters
that seem to have community approval are yum (Yellow Dog Updater, Modified)
and AutoUpdate. Yum requires a special repository server-side; AutoUpdate
does not, but instead compares the names of the files on the configured site
to the packages either in cache or in the local RPM database. A list of
other RPM updaters, Red Hat and otherwise, can be found here.
So, now you know where all those packages you've been searching for lurk; go
forth and install. For those of you wondering what happened to the series on
conversion, I had some hardware issues and couldn't get to the fun part
before press time. Those issues have been resolved and barring further
encounters with Murphy, the series will continue next week. Such is life
down in the trenches.
Glenn Stone is a Red Hat Certified Engineer, sysadmin, technical writer,
cover model and general Linux flunkie. He has been hand-building computers
for fun and profit since 1999, and he is a happy denizen of the Pacific
Northwest.
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